Aikido
is a system of self-defense derived from the traditional weaponless
fighting techniques of jujutsu in its use of immobilizing holds and
twisting throws whereby an attacker's own momentum and strength are
used against him. Ueshiba Morihei (1883-1969) is credited with the
modern systematization of aikido in 1922.
Practice usually takes an established kata (form). One partner
takes the offensive role dealing blows or holds and the other deflects
these using aikido moves. Since two persons cannot practice defensive
techniques against each other, aikido does not lend itself to a contest
situation.
However, in the Tomiki form of aikido, "randori"
(free-fighting) matches, points are scored for defensive technique
by contestants who alternate in taking the role of the attacker. Students
are ranked according to skill level.
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